What is Static Routing and How to Configure Static Routing on Routers

What is Static Routing

Static routing occurs when you add manually each router route to the routing table. There are some pros and cons of static routing but that’s for all routing processes.

Benefits of Static Routing:

v No overhead on router CPU, buy a cheaper router and then use it if you were using dynamic routing.
v On the WAN link you could save money because no bandwidth usage between routers.
v Static routing adds security because the administrator can allow access routing to only certain networks.

Disadvantages of Static Routing:

v By hand the administrator has to add a route on all routers if a network is added to the internetwork.
v The administrator must have a piece of good knowledge about internetwork and how each router is connected to correctly configure the routes.
v In large networks maintaining itself is a full-time job so, it’s not feasible.

The packets will be forwarded only to subnets by a router in its routing table. Associate networks and directly connected networks only the router knows it by default. The rest of the networks using dynamic or static routing should be put in the routing table. In this lab, we will add static routes to perform convergence and to complete the routing table, and also we will perform static routing.

How to Configure Static Routing on Routers

How to Configure Static Routing

Note: Router R1 and Router R2 are connected back to back using the serial cable. DCE cable is connected to router R1 and the DTE cable is connected to router R2.

Configuring the Router R1 Interfaces

Router> enable

Router# configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL / Z.

Router (config) # hostname R1

R1 (config) # interface serial 0/1/0

R1 (config) # int s 0/1/0

R1 (config-if) # ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

R1 (config-if) #encapsulation hdlc

R1 (config-if) #no shutdown

R1 (config-if) #

R1 (config-if) #no shut

%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1/0, changed state to down

R1 (config-if) #exit

R1 (config) # interface fastethernet0/0

R1 (config-if) # ip address 192.168.2.100 255.255.255.0

R1 (config-if) #no shutdown

Interface Status up

R1 (config-if) #end

R1#

Configuring the Router R2 Interfaces

Router> enable

Router# configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL / Z.

Router (config) # hostname R2

R2 (config) # interface serial 0/1/0

R2 (config) # int s 0/1/0

R2 (config-if) # ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0

R2 (config-if) #encapsulation hdlc

R2 (config-if) #no shutdown

R2 (config-if) #

R2 (config-if) #no shut

Interface Status up

R2 (config-if) #exit

R2 (config) # interface fastethernet0/0

R2 (config-if) # ip address 192.168.3.100 255.255.255.0

R2 (config-if) #no shutdown

Interface Status up

R2 (config-if) #end

R2#

Router R1 and R2 Routing Table

Router R1

R1#show ip route

IP Route Status

Note: By default, in the router R1 routing table the two associated interfaces and directly connected networks are listed.

Router R2

R2#show ip route

IP Route Status

Note: By default, in the router R2 routing table the two associated interfaces and directly connected networks are listed.

Ping Verification on Router R1 and R2

Router R1

R1#ping 192.168.1.2

Successful Ping Verification

R1#

R1#ping 192.168.3.100

Unsuccessful Ping Verification

R1#

Note: The ping was not successful because the network 192.168.3.0 is not listed in the router R1 routing table. Using the RIPv1 (Routing Information Protocol version 1) the network 192.168.3.0 needs to be put in the R1 routing table.

Router R2

R2#ping 192.168.1.1

Successful Ping Verification

R2#

R2#ping 192.168.2.100

Unsuccessful Ping Verification

R2#

Note: The ping was not successful because the network 192.168.2.0 is not listed in the router R2 routing table. Using the RIPv1 (Routing Information Protocol version 1) the network 192.168.2.0 needs to be put in the R2 routing table.

Applying Static Routes on Router R1 and R2

Router R1

R1#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

R1 (config) #ip route 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2

R1 (config) #end

R1#

Note: After putting the static route for the network 192.168.3.0, all the traffic will be forwarded to its next-hop 192.168.1.2 from the router R1 for the 192.168.3.0 network.

Router R2

R2#configure terminal

R2 (config) #ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1

R2 (config) #end

R2#

Router R1 and R2 Routing Table

Router R1

R1#show ip route