How does a Router Works?

A device that is used to connect two or more networks is called a router. Data packets are transferred between computer networks through a router. Routers are used to connect computers, printers, and other devices to the Internet, as well as to connect two or more local area networks (LANs). Routers are the most important devices on a network, as they are responsible for routing data packets between different networks. Routers use a variety of protocols to determine the best path for data packets. Now we will see practically that How does a Router Works? And how the data is transmitted through a router.

When data reaches the Router, it will handle it and perform its work in several steps. There are four steps of a router that how a router works.

1. Check the Frame Data Unit

Where it checks the registered Destination MAC Address to make sure it is directed to it, FCS examines the field value to make sure that the Frame data unit contents have arrived safely.

Frame Data Unit Checking

2. Remove the De-encapsulation Frame Unit packaging

Remove the De-encapsulation Frame Unit packaging, and that is to extract the data unit Packet and get it at the IP address of the target device Destination.

3. Locate the target device

And that is done by searching in the Routing Table for the address of the Subnet network that exists with this device, the target Destination, and knowing the port Interface that connects to this network.

4. Packaging Encapsulate and sending data

Where the data unit Packet is wrapped with a new cover and a new Frame data unit is created in a way or style that fits the Data Link Layer protocol used in the network to which this data will be sent, and the address of the Mac Port Interface is recorded which it will use to send Data in Source Mac address box, and Record the Mac address of the target device in the target Mac address bar, then the data is passed through the port Interface.